Quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging sequence for intracranial inflammation in patients with optic neuromyelitis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To identify the potential intracranial inflammation in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD) patients without supratentorial MRI lesions using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).Methods:Seventy NMOSD patients and 35 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (NC) underwent QSM, 3D-T 1, diffusion MRI from Beijing Tiantan Hospital during June 2019 to June 2021. Susceptibility was compared among NMOSD patients with acute attack (ANMOSD), NMOSD patients in chronic phase (CNMOSD) and NC. The correlation between susceptibility in several brain regions and the cerebrospinal fluid levels of inflammatory makers were analyzed. Results:NMOSD patients showed different susceptibility in several brain regions including bilateral hippocampus, precuneus, right cuneus, putamen, superior parietal and inferior temporal ( P<0.001) and the posr-hoc showed it is higher than normal. Compared to CNMOSD patients, the ANMOSD patients showed increased susceptibility in the cuneus (0.009 ± 0.004 vs. 0.005 ± 0.004, P<0.05). There was significant positive correlations between susceptibility and CSF levels of sTREM2 which reflect the active of microglial cells ( r = 0.494, P<0.05). Conclusions:Despite the absence of supratentorial lesions on MRI, increased susceptibility suggests underlying inflammation in the cerebral cortex in both patients with ANMOSD and CNMOSD, and some of them are obviously related to inflammatory markers in CSF. QSM sequence can be used to explore the potential inflammation in NMOSD patients without obvious supratentorial lesions.

Correlation between grey matter damage and clinical symptom of multiple sclerosis:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Generally,the pathological changes of multiple sclerosis(MS) is mostly on lesion of the central white matter (WM). However,the clinical symptoms such as cognitive impairment cannot be fully explained just by the WM damage. Therefore, central gray matter(GM)damage has attracted more attention. The development of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)makes in vivo detection of GM while showing the clinical symptoms possible. Yet,the correlation between the patient clinical symptoms and GM dam?age particularly in cortex still need to be elucidated. Hence,we summarize the historical background and give an overview of the corre?lation between GM damage and MS clinical symptoms in terms of cognitive impairment and epilepsy.